Archive for Education around the world

If Rudolph was an ordinary reindeer (the importance of nurturing uniqueness)

Posted on December 1st, 2011 by

rudoph

Seeing as Christmas is just around the corner, the internet is flooded with videos and messages reminding us of all the well-loved and well-known parts of Christmas.  One such video relates to Rudolph, and how this Christmas tale may have panned out if he did not have his distinctive red nose:

Although this video is poking fun at the Rudolph, the Red Nosed Reindeer story, it got me thinking.  When teachers and parents deal with kids who are – shall we say – ‘different’ from the norm, are we always trying to get these kids to conform to what is accepted in society?
There are so many different labels to refer to kids who are ‘different’ to the norm, for example “gifted”, “talented”, “special education”, “rebellious”, “goths”, “hippies”, “autistic”, and so on and so forth.  What if we could suddenly get all these kids with their alternate ideas to conform to what society views (at the present time) to be “normal”. .. how would this change our world?  If the Wright brothers never dreamt of flying,  if Edison never thought candles were over-rated, if Einstein did not dream of providing electricity via nuclear power, if Bill Gates stayed in college, if Mother Theresa did not see the poor and needy in the slums of her country, if nobody ever crossed the oceans to look for new land in the times before we knew the earth is not flat, if  all of the great inventors and inspiring people mentioned in the history of human kind were somehow forced to conform to the norm, where would humanity be?
I can tell you this much:  There would not be human footprints on the moon, and I would not be able to share my thoughts with people from around the globe with just the click of a button.
I want to wish everyone a very blessed Christmas time, and if you don’t celebrate Christmas, enjoy every moment you have with your loved ones…whether they conform to the norm or not!

14 Comments »
Filed under: Christmas, Coaching, Digital Classroom, edtech, Education around the world, elearning, ICT in the classroom, mlearning, Teaching and Learning, web2, webtools

Fish in water…

Posted on August 9th, 2009 by

81344-26

Students today live in a world where technology is everywhere.  They grab a digital camera or mobile phone to take pictures, then Bluetooth these pictures to their laptops or PODs (Personal Owned Devices), then upload them to their blogs or FaceBook or MySpace.  To communicate, they invite comments from their friends online, e-mail or Direct Message, Instant Message or Twitter or MSN their family and friends, (that is when they are not developing repetitive strain injury (RSI) in their thumbs due to texting all the time).  They learn how to  cook using a microwave oven.  They find information via the internet by reading online newspapers or Wikipedia, or more likely, they may just pose the question to their Personal Learning Network (PLN) across the world via a forum like Twitter, and within seconds, they will have information flowing back at them: True brainstorming, true synergy!  By combining all the little bits of information, they are able to form a big picture of global proportions, as their picture was made up of bits of information from all over the world.  For quiet relaxation, you can find them listening to music on an iPod.  For a more action packed relaxation period, they may choose to play with Wii or go for video-gaming on Playstations or an X-Box.  You may say that they are like a fish swimming in water, when it comes to using technology…

… And for a fish, water is invisible.  So it stands to reason that for young people in first world countries across the globe, technology is invisible.  They just use it as part of their everyday life, it is not even

Then they enter school.  Unfortunately, in some schools, there are very little use of technology. We see these kids flop around like fish on dry land, and we wonder why they seem so lost.  They wander from class to class, are told to put their mobile phones and iPods away, and do not have access to their PLN.  And yet, we want them to learn and be relaxed at school.

Are our expectations realistic, or just cruel?  Are we taking their oxygen away if we do not allow them access to technology in school?  There is another old fish saying: If you want to feed someone, you have two choices: You can either catch him a fish every day, and then he will have fish for every day you cath him the fish (i.e. he will be okay when you are around to feed him)…  Or, you can teach him how to fish, and he will have food forever.  This is the true secret of independence: Being able to fish for yourself.

So, as teachers, we need to stop standing on the shore.  We need to get our feet wet, get in deeper until we don not touch the ground anymore, and swim with our students.  Be assured: When it comes to technology, our students will be able to keep us afloat if we let them they can be our teachers and we can be their students.  We do not have to be able to use every new gadget of know about all the software applications, our students will teach us these things.  But we need to be in there with them, because it is only when we meet them in their world, that we can have an influence over where and how they will swim in the future. And with all the sharks lurking in the ocean, we should get in there quick, so we can prevent our young guppies from swimming with the sharks, just in case those sharks do not think fish are friends.

Note: This blog entry is a copy of an entry on my other blog:  http://me.edu.au/b/Maryna_Badenhorst/entry/fish_in_water

Note: For another copy of this blog entry – please see my other  blog:

http://me.edu.au/b/Maryna_Badenhorst/entry/fish_in_water

Maryna Badenhorst

Organisation
Schools
Sector
School Education
Role
ICT/Web administrator
Communities of Interest
digiteachersnsw

4 Comments »
Filed under: Coaching, Digital Classroom, Education around the world, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

The Black Dog

Posted on July 26th, 2009 by

As educators, we are with students most of their productive day.  If we get to know our students well, we may have to deal with issues within our students that impact on their learning, even though it has nothing to do with the content of what we teach.  One instance is when students are bullied or harassed, or for some reason start displaying symptoms of depression.  It may then be up to educators to support and help the students deal with the mental or psychological injuries that are left deep inside.  Perhaps the following two diary entries will give a little more insight in what people may face once they spiral down into the black hole of depression:

Diary Entry One:

                                       “I once read that reading books outside a dog is easy. But inside a dog you can’t read, because it is dark. I laughed about the silliness of that concept. Who would like to read a book inside a dog? What a silly notion!  Then one day, it is all too clear…the day you get to know what is commonly known as the ‘Black Dog’. It is depression, and it comes to you and sits with you in your circle of self worth, and just pants with it’s smelly breath, dribbling toxic spittle on your feet. It is always there, and it sits and stares at you whenever you try to do anything, until you feel guilty for leaving it alone and stop doing what you are doing, until you do nothing at all. It has yellow eyes that glow in the dark, and keeps you awake at night. It has a big mouth, and eventually, it swallows you whole. And then, you sit alone inside of this Black Dog. And then you realize that, yes, you can’ t read inside a dog. Or write. Or think. Or know anything about yourself. You find yourself trapped in a foreign and lonely place, with only the muffled sounds of your family and friends’ voices somewhere far, far away, and no-one is able reach you or to touch you. You sit there and wonder how many days and nights have gone by with the world going along its natural path, while you wonder where you will find a single dot of light to bring some hope, or a single candle to try and warm your whole being with.

And everything aches. It is sore to even breath.  The air is so thick, it sticks to your throat, suffocating….Some days, you wish you could just stop breathing, and make all this go away….”

Diary Entry Two (Three months after the first entry):

                    “Today someone sent me this video.  It is a ballet of a one-armed woman and a one-legged man. And suddenly, I found one little dot of light. Yes, these people lost a limb. So did I. I am not sure I will ever be able to pursue my previous life with the same passion…how can I? I am hobbling along like someone that lost a right arm or a whole leg! But look at these two dancers. They obviously have talent. They went through pain and distress. But they waited patiently until the wounds healed.  Then  they found someone that can help them to pursue their dreams. And through persistence and passion, they came back. They are dancing again. I have found an a sprinkling of hope, a little bit of music that touched me here deep inside this dark dog. Perhaps it will help me find a way out, back into the light, where I can read again. And dance.”

For emergency situations dealing with depression in Australia, go to:

Emergency Help

If you are feeling suicidal there are people who can help.

If you live in Australia please call

Emergency 000*

or

Lifeline 13 11 14

or

Kids HelpLine 1800 55 1800

and tell the person answering your call that you are thinking about suicide.

* If you are using a mobile phone and 000 doesn’t work, you can call 112 to access the Emergency Call Service. If you have a hearing or speech impairment and can access a TTY (teletypewriter), call 106 for the text-based Emergency Call Service.

Other support for Depression

  1. With links to Primary Schools help, Secondary Schools help, Rural and Workplace help, personal experiences, indigenous support etc.: http://www.beyondblue.org.au/index.aspx?
  2. Specifically for youth: http://www.youthbeyondblue.com/get-help/for-depression/
  3. Links to professionals that can help: http://bluepages.anu.edu.au/help_and_resources/types_of_help/
  4. What is depression?http://www.depnet.com.au/universe2/ and http://www.blackdoginstitute.org.au/public/depression/depressionexplained/index.cfm
  5. Initial support for the depressed person, the people dealing with the depressed, and further steps: http://www.psychologyinfo.com/depression/help.html
  6. Self help therapies: http://www.blackdoginstitute.org.au/public/depression/treatments/self-helpalternatetherapies.cfm

5 Comments »
Filed under: Depression, Education around the world, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

Wonderful Web2 tools for classrooms

Posted on July 17th, 2009 by

Recently I was approached by an aspiring teacher.  She wanted to know which five Web2 tools I use the most, or see as the most valuable…well, the problem was obvious:  How do you choose only five?! 

My response follows (referring to interesting links similar to delicious style).  Please leave comments about your favourite Web2 tools:

1.  I think Wikis are wonderful.  As a starting point, here are some links

  • Technology is not for everyone…some teachers may even  be ‘allergic’ to using it!  Interesting blog post: How sharing Technology Professional Development is similar to sharing a Chocolate Cake http://bit.ly/yzFyJ
  • Internet safety…a can of worms.  Get started with info here http://www.wiredsafety.org/

Starting on a Web2 journey in the classroom may look overwhelming, but choose the applications that you think will really support your teaching style and the learning of most of your students. The beauty of Web2 is of course, the interactive and hands-on type collaboration that can take place in a virtual world, enabling anywhere, anytime learning. (www-whenever, whoever, wherever).  And on to Web3: http://www.labnol.org/internet/web-3-concepts-explained/8908/

11 Comments »
Filed under: Coaching, Digital Classroom, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, ICT in the classroom, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

Mathematics language: Full sentences please!

Posted on July 10th, 2009 by

Suppose you wrote this sentence on the board: “The big black dog ran over the road and and caught the yellow ball.”  Next, you ask the students to copy this sentence down, and as you roam around the classroom, you notice the kids are writing some funny things in their books, ranging from: “The dog road the ball,”   to “dog caught ball” , “black ball”, “dog ball”, “black yellow” or even just “the the”.  Of course, none of the sentences the kids wrote, makes any sense.  As a teacher, would you be telling the kids to stop taking shortcuts and write down the full sentence so as to convey the true meaning of the sentence?  I would imagine so. 

But what happens in Mathematics?  Do we expect the same “full sentences” from the kids?  And if we don’t, what impact does it have on the understanding of the Mathematical concepts?  Here is an example:  The teacher put the following example of Pythagoras’ Theory, on the board: p1000293

In following “all the same steps” (as per instruction from the teacher), see below what the student wrote in his book.  Please note that the student did not write ‘full sentences’, as he wrote that ‘eighty five is equal to nine point two’, which is not true.  He also did not put the full steps in to ‘find the perimeter’, which means that if he made a simple calculation mistake in finding the perimeter by adding the three values, he would loose all the marks for this question: p1000295

My question is: Why do teachers allow students to get away with not writing ‘full sentences’ in Mathematics?  Referring back to the example of “The big black dog….” given at the start of this post, it is clear that, if we don’t write the full sentence, it makes a huge difference in the meaning.  Mathematics is a language, like English.  It conveys meaning.  Students are being made aware of the implications of not writing full sentences in English…and the same should apply to Mathematics.

9 Comments »
Filed under: Coaching, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, Mathematics, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

This is sand (link below in post)

Posted on June 8th, 2009 by

I was reading a Grade 1 teacher’s blog pages recently (http://classblogmeister.com/blog.php?blogger_id=1337 and http://staff.prairiesouth.ca/~cassidy.kathy/index.html), and came upon this fun tool.  It is an online program called “This is sand” (link to http://thisissand.com/), where you can create beautiful pictures by dropping ‘sand’ in different colours, onto the screen.  (The colours are changed by pressing ‘c’ on the key board, and then choosing the colour you want.)  Afterwards you can upload your creations to the gallery, so they can  be viewed online.  Of course, you could also printscreen the image, and copy it to Paint or Word, and then save it to your computer as a picture.  This picture can then be uploaded to your own blog or digital portfolio.

Aterwards, students are invited give feedback about their own creations and experience in creating the pictures, and also to view each other’s creations, and leave positive comments.  Students thus develop their skills in Literacy, communication, art and social interaction all at the same time.  You can read some comments left by teachers and students here: http://classblogmeister.com/blog.php?blog_id=926048&mode=comment&blogger_id=1337

If you want to use this program you need to have flash and javascript enabled.  Click on the links to download them, then follow the install instructioins.  Java and Flash are both important web platforms that allow you view movies, animation and sound.

Examples of This is Sand pictures:

Below is a screenshot of the gallery with many This is Sand pictures:

13 Comments »
Filed under: Autism, Digital Classroom, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, ICT in the classroom, Special Education, Uncategorized

Gambare! (Where is it in our schools?)

Posted on June 6th, 2009 by

“Gambare”, a mindset that is taught to children in Japan from birth.  It is more than just a concept.  It involves a total commitment, a way of life.  It is not just a way of thinking, it also becomes a way of being.  To try and explain Gambare to a Westerner, the word “perseverance” comes closest to what it involves.  It has been described as “to persevere, to do one’s best, to be persistent, to stick to one’s purpose, to never give up until the job is done, and done well….”  Gambare can  be summed up in three different ways of persistance and perseverance:

  1. Standing up for one’s beliefs, even when personal risk is involved and despite opposition
  2. Moving ahead in seeking to accomplish one’s goals despite obstacles and detours
  3. Surviving tough times by hanging in, being patient and coming back strong after a lost battle, a mistake, or other setback.

In schools, we may often find ourselves in situations where we can use some “Gambare.”  I was discussing the importance of using Twenty Maths Language Questions at regular intervals during Maths lessons, with a parent.  The conversation went something like this:

Parent: “Why do you persist in asking twenty questions at the beginning of your Maths classes?  Kids never get the twenty questions right anyway.  You are just wasting time.”

Me:  “I think that it is important for students to hear Maths language regularly.  They need to be able to interpret the questions and solve them Mathematically, so they need to be able to ‘translate’ everyday language into Maths language, and link it with some concept they can use to solve the problem.”

Parent: “But why don’t you make the questions a bit easier?  Then they can get them all right!  It would make them feel good!”

Me: “Are you a coach of some sport?”

Parent: “Yes, I coach basketball to the under elevens.”

Me: “Eleven year olds are not very tall, are they? Do they get all the balls through the hoop?”

Parent: “Nope.  They need to practice a lot to get that ball through the hoop!”

Me: “And has it ever crossed your mind to lower the pole with the hoop on it so the kids could all get the ball through the hoop?”

Parent: “No, never!  They have to practice…”

Me: “And when they finally start getting that ball through the hoop after practicing a lot, it makes them feel good, doesn’t it?”

Parent: “Now I get it.  You can’t lower the bar in your Maths class either, can you?  Kids need to practice and persist a bit, so they can build up the skill set they will need later in Maths, and for that matter, in life…”

Me: “And when they finally get it, it is build on a much deeper understanding because they practiced and persisted.”

Parent: “Yep.  Plus we also bring in here team work, can’t we?”

Me: “Well, that is a whole new ball game!”

Gambare.  Persist and persevere.  It is important in school.  It is important in life.  Where can we bottle and buy some of it to use every day?

(Gambare shortened url code http://2pl.us/Q8)

20 Comments »
Filed under: Australia, Coaching, Digital Classroom, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, Mathematics, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

Memory…one of the most important tools a teacher should know about

Posted on May 27th, 2009 by

I went to a seminar once, and as usual, I forgot almost everything that was said on the day, except for one snippet: “As teachers, we work with making memories every day.  Yet, very few teachers would be able to tell you how memories are made or retained, and how memory works.  Doesn’t that seem odd to you as an educator?”  Ironic that the one bit I remember word for word, is about remembering!  Come to think of it, I also recall that the food was really nice, that the room was stuffy and noisy, and that I was torn between attending the lecture and buying a new pair of winter boots, which all link to the fact that memories are also made when they are tied with emotions and feelings…

Although I remember that I work with trying to make memories every day, I have not made an in depth study of it (yet).  I have found out a few things though, and since we also work with meta-cognition in our classrooms, I started putting these things up on posters in the classroom, and I refer to these things often when I teach.  One such poster has to do with “Why do we forget?”  There are a few major reasons for forgetting, which are mentioned in most articles:

  1. We did not pay enough attention in the first place.  This is important for students to know:  If you want to be able to recall something later, you need to pay close attention the first time it is explained to you.
  2. We did not encode the information either in the short term memory, or the long term memory.  Students need to know that they have to at least have the facts stored in their short term memory when they leave the classroom, and that it can more easily be placed into their long term memory if they spend a few minutes later in the day to revise those facts again.  It implies that students need to use the time they have in class, to do the tasks and endeavour to store some of that information in their short term memory, at least.
  3. We also forget due to a lack of a retrieval cue. This is important for teachers as well: We need to ensure we use some trigger words or actions or cues, that kids will associate with the memory they formed previously.  For Mathematics, I interpret this as students knowing the Mathematical language and concepts, so that they would associate certain actions with certain symbols.  If they read “factorise”, this is the cue for retrieving the whole process (recipe) of factorising.  If they read “multiply” (or see the symbol for multiplication), this is the retrieval cue for applying a certain process and way of thinking…etc.  If we can link this cue to something kids feel strongly about (emotional connection) or some kind of action or song, it creates a much stronger link between the cue and the actual memory associated with it.  We need to be aware that we need to give kids the cues we will use to retrieve that specific memory, while we are trying to set the memory.  Kids and teachers need to be aware that there will be cues used the next day to retrieve the memory.  It may not go astray to even mention to the students: “Tomorrow, when I say pi, I would like you to remember 3.14″ (or something along those lines where the memory and the cue is linked explicitly.)
  4. Repetition forms stronger memories.  This means that students need to practice new skills and concepts regularly, and that TIME ON TASK is vital for forming stronger memories and links.
  5. Unless the memory is very strongly linked to an emotional experience, or if memories are not retrieved and used regularly, they may be replaced by new memories.  Revision is important to place memories in the long term memory bank, and to keep them there.

After all, it is a great honour to be working with making memories…we need to ensure the memories kids make in the classrooms, are worth retrieving (and available for retrieval) in situations outside of the classroom.

Double click on the image below, and then zoom in, to see a snapshot of the different aspects of memory…  The mindmap below was created with the online Web2 tool http://www.bubbl.us/

15 Comments »
Filed under: Australia, Coaching, Digital Classroom, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, Mathematics, Special Education, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

New York visit from Loddon Mallee Region

Posted on November 25th, 2008 by

These are the final few days before we fly out of here to New York, how exciting!  This visit to New York was organized by the Loddon Mallee Region of Education to allow people to have a look at what is happening in schools in New York, specifically in terms of using ICT in the classrooms.  Our Region is looking at providing every Year 6 student with a laptop in 2009, so we need to look at how the ICT can be used in the most effective way to support improved student outcomes.  It is a fantastic learning opportunity, and guess what: They expect snow in New York on Tuesday!  Rug up, mittens on, scarf and beanie…New York, here we come!

I have uploaded heaps of photos and comments on the pages to the left of this main screen.  The two New York pages are called : New York, New York! and New York, NY cont.   Please click on these pages for all the info!

Photo Editing: The following photos were edited by opening them in Paint and then painting onto them, then saving them again to My Pictures (go to Start, Programs, Accessories, Paint, File, Open, then choose the photo or picture you want to edit):

Me with my snow garb on

Me with my snow garb on

 

More fashionable New York look

More fashionable New York look

6 Comments »
Filed under: Australia, Coaching, Digital Classroom, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, ICT in the classroom, New York, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

Digital Classrooms

Posted on September 26th, 2008 by

Lots of informative videos and information are posted under the page Digital Classrooms also to be found on the top left hand side bar of this page.

Other informative videos are posted on this blog page under the headings “Shift Happens” and “The Machine is Us/ing Us”.   There is also a post with the heading “Introduction to blogging as an educational tool”, which can support a teacher information session.

To see how we used podcasting as an educational tool in Special Education, please click on the page to the top left of this blog, named : Podcasting: My Journey

Comments Off
Filed under: Australia, Autism, Coaching, Digital Classroom, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, ICT in the classroom, Mathematics, Special Education, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

The 5 E’s Resources

Posted on September 20th, 2008 by

More resources have now been added to the page dedicated to E5.  The E5 Resources link can be found on the top left hand side of this web page.

Link to : The-5-E’s Planner (Thanks to Glenda Oliver)

Link to: The-leading-edge-example-of-a-level-5-unit-plan  (Thanks to Cindy Bruechert)

Video link to Cooperative Learning (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEh8Z0sbiRE&feature=related, created by drpratt)

 

6 Comments »
Filed under: Australia, Coaching, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, Teaching and Learning, Uncategorized

Introduction to blogs and wikis as educational tools

Posted on September 9th, 2008 by

Blogs are used in many educational settings, and for various reasons.  Some teachers use blogs as “baskets” to contain information or to journal their own learning.  Blogs can also showcase student work or become a running record of what is happening in the class or the school.  For more information and applications about blogs and wikis in classrooms, also refer to the page Blogging? Wiki? What??? on the top left hand side bar of this page.

Great video: Why do we let our students blog? (Rachel Boyd)

Great blog to visit for more resources: Staffordshire PS Blog page (http://qlsictteam.wordpress.com/)

Powerpoint:  Blogging Basics: NOTE: If this PowerPoint won’t open when you click on it, please save it to somewhere on your computer and open it from where you have saved it.  Thanks!

7 Comments »
Filed under: Coaching, Education around the world, ICT in the classroom, Teaching and Learning

Creating Action Buttons in a PowerPoint slide show

Posted on September 9th, 2008 by

Use this PowerPoint Powerpoint: Action Buttons Scaffold to show others (or learn!) how to create action buttons in a slide show.  Armed with this knowlege, you can create simple multiple choice games for your students.  NOTE: If the show does not open when you click on the link, right click on the link, choose Save As, then save the show to somewhere on your computer, and try opening it from where you saved it.

Author of PowerPoint on Action Buttons: Maryna Badenhorst

For other Educational Powerpoints, refer to the following pages:

4 Comments »
Filed under: Coaching, Education around the world, ICT in the classroom, Teaching and Learning

Shift Happens

Posted on September 8th, 2008 by

Video on how our world is changing.

http://www.teachertube.com/view_video.php?viewkey=1b425a7717504bca103d

6 Comments »
Filed under: Australia, Coaching, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, ICT in the classroom, Teaching and Learning

The Machine is Us/ing Us

Posted on September 8th, 2008 by

Interesting Video on ICT and the influence it has on all of us

TEACHERTUBE VERSION: The machine is us/ing us

 

The Machine is Us/ing (Us) Final Version, on YouTube

5 Comments »
Filed under: Australia, Coaching, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, Teaching and Learning

“End of ze world…” (Warning: Some swearing/Language)

Posted on September 6th, 2008 by

Warning: Language not appropriate for general classroom distribution, yet this video shows that the author knows a lot of facts, and has thought about how the future may unfold.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZMwKPmsbWE Cartoon version

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHW3lckmfh4&feature=related Photo version

2 Comments »
Filed under: Education around the world, Teaching and Learning

Flickr and Facebook…semi anonymous and online, yet someone wrote songs about it…

Posted on September 6th, 2008 by

Flickr photos: Social impact captures in a song

 This song is a really interesting social phenomenon.  Flickr shares photos from around the world, images captured in a moment of time.  It has such a wide impact on us as a global society, that someone wrote a song about the images, and so another way of sharing, caring and touching other lives begins…

Facebook song

A song about the social impact of Facebook on our interactions and social behaviours.

9 Comments »
Filed under: Australia, Coaching, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, General comments, Teaching and Learning

Hello all!

Posted on September 6th, 2008 by

This is the first post on this blog page.  I hope that this blog will contain lots of different things that  I find interesting and stimulating.  I also hope that one and all will contribute, and that we can form a real online community with vibrant ideas and connections!  Please feel free to upload your own thoughts and questions…everyone most welcome!

15 Comments »
Filed under: Australia, Coaching, Education around the world, Education in Victoria, General comments, Mathematics, Teaching and Learning

  • Who is online right now?